How To Backup and Restore MySQL Database
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MySQL Backup and Restore Commands for Database Administration
In this article, we will learn how to perform backup operations on MySQL databases using mysqldump command and how to restore them in Linux.
To Install the Package
Install the package and execute the following command to setup mariadb.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# yum install mariadb-server mariadb -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
base | 3.6 kB 00:00:00
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirror.nbrc.ac.in
* extras: mirror.nbrc.ac.in
* updates: mirror.nbrc.ac.in
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.47-1.el7_2 will be installed
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Dependency Installed:
perl-Compress-Raw-Bzip2.x86_64 0:2.061-3.el7 perl-Compress-Raw-Zlib.x86_64 1:2.061-4.el7 perl-DBD-MySQL.x86_64 0:4.023-5.el7
perl-DBI.x86_64 0:1.627-4.el7 perl-Data-Dumper.x86_64 0:2.145-3.el7 perl-IO-Compress.noarch 0:2.061-2.el7
perl-Net-Daemon.noarch 0:0.48-5.el7 perl-PlRPC.noarch 0:0.2020-14.el7
Dependency Updated:
mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.47-1.el7_2
Complete!
Once the package is installed, restart and enable the service.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# systemctl restart mariadb
[root@linuxhelp ~]# systemctl enable mariadb
ln -s ' /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service' ' /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service'
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysql_secure_installation NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MariaDB SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY! In order to log into MariaDB to secure it, we' ll need the current password for the root user. If you' ve just installed MariaDB, and you haven' t set the root password yet, the password will be blank, so you should just press enter here. Enter current password for root (enter for none): OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MariaDB root user without the proper authorisation. Set root password? [Y/n] y New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success! By default, a MariaDB installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MariaDB without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y ... Success! Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from ' localhost' . This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y ... Success! By default, MariaDB comes with a database named ' test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment. Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success! Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y ... Success! Cleaning up... All done! If you' ve completed all of the above steps, your MariaDB installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MariaDB!
To create Simple Database and tables
Login to the database.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with or g. Your MariaDB connection id is 10 Server version: 5.5.47-MariaDB MariaDB Server Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type ' help ' or ' h' for help. Type ' c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
Create a New database called ' test'
MariaDB [(none)]> create database test Query OK, 1 row affected (0.10 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show databases +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +--------------------+ 4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
And create a sample table inside the test database.
MariaDB [(none)]> use test Database changed MariaDB [test]> create table sample (a int, b int, c int) Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.21 sec)
Insert the values to the newly created tables.
MariaDB [test]> insert into sample (a,b,c) values (1,2,3) Query OK, 1 row affected (0.19 sec) MariaDB [test]> select * from sample +------+------+------+ | a | b | c | +------+------+------+ | 1 | 2 | 3 | +------+------+------+ 1 row in set (0.15 sec) MariaDB [test]> exit Bye
To Backup MySQL Database
Use the following syntax to take a backup of MySQL databases.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysqldump -u [username] &ndash p[password] [database_name] > [dump_file.sql]
To Backup a Single MySQL Database
Run the following command to take a backup of single database. The resultant will be dumped into a single dump file with .sql extension.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysqldump -u root -p test > test.sql Enter password: [root@linuxhelp ~]# ls anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop Documents Downloads initial-setup-ks.cfg Music Pictures Public Templates test.sql Videos
To Backup Multiple MySQL Databases
Use the following command to take backup of multiple databases.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysqldump -u root -p --databases test test1 > multi.sql Enter password: [root@linuxhelp ~]# ls all.sql anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop Documents Downloads initial-setup-ks.cfg multi.sql Music Pictures Public Templates Videos
To Backup All MySQL Databases
Use the following command to take backup of all available databases.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysqldump -u root -p --all-databases > all-data.sql Enter password: [root@linuxhelp ~]# ls all-data.sql anaconda-ks.cfg Documents initial-setup-ks.cfg Music Public Videos all.sql Desktop Downloads multi.sql Pictures Templates
To Backup MySQL Database Structure Only
Use the following command, if you want to take the backup of database structure without data and it exports to the new file.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysqldump -u root -p --no-data test > nodata.sql Enter password: [root@linuxhelp ~]# ls all-data.sql anaconda-ks.cfg Documents initial-setup-ks.cfg Music Pictures Templates all.sql Desktop Downloads multi.sql nodata.sql Public Videos
To Backup MySQL Database Data Only
Use the following command, to backup only database data without structure.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysqldump -u root -p --no-create-db --no-create-info test > dataonly.sql Enter password: [root@linuxhelp ~]# ls all-data.sql anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop Downloads multi.sql nodata.sql Public Videos all.sql dataonly.sql Documents initial-setup-ks.cfg Music Pictures Templates
To Backup Single Table of Database
Use the following command to take backup of single table or certain tables of your database.
Example: To take backup of sample table from the database test.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysqldump -u root -p test sample > sample.sql Enter password: [root@linuxhelp ~]# ls all-data.sql anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop Downloads multi.sql nodata.sql Public Templates all.sql dataonly.sql Documents initial-setup-ks.cfg Music Pictures sample.sql Videos
To Backup Multiple Tables of Database
Use the following command to take backup of multiple tables from the database.
Example:
To take backup of sample, example tables from the database test.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysqldump -u root -p test sample example > tables.sql Enter password: [root@linuxhelp ~]# ls all-data.sql anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop Downloads multi.sql nodata.sql Public tables.sql Videos all.sql dataonly.sql Documents initial-setup-ks.cfg Music Pictures sample.sql Templates
To Backup Remote MySQL Database
Use the following command to take the backup of remote server [192.168.5.89] database [info] into a local server.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysqldump -h 192.168.5.89 -u root -p info > info.sql Enter password: [root@linuxhelp ~]# ls all-data.sql anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop Downloads initial-setup-ks.cfg Music Pictures sample.sql Templates all.sql dataonly.sql Documents info.sql multi.sql nodata.sql Public tables.sql Videos
To Restore MySQL Database
Use the following command to restore a database and also create an empty database on the target machine.
[root@linuxhelp ~]# mysql -u root -p test < test.sql
Enter password:
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