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How to install Ghost CMS on Debian 12

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To Install Ghost CMS On Debian 12

Introduction :

Ghost is a modern, open-source content management system (CMS) designed specifically for professional publishing introduced in 2013. It emphasizes simplicity and efficiency, offering a streamlined platform for bloggers, writers, and businesses to create and manage their content. Built on Node.js, Ghost provides a robust framework that supports dynamic content while ensuring a clean and user-friendly interface.

Procedure :

Step 1 : Check OS version by using following command.

root@linuxhelp:~# cat /etc/os-release
PRETTY_NAME="Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm)"
NAME="Debian GNU/Linux"
VERSION_ID="12"
VERSION="12 (bookworm)"
VERSION_CODENAME=bookworm
ID=debian
HOME_URL="https://www.debian.org/"
SUPPORT_URL="https://www.debian.org/support"
BUG_REPORT_URL=https://bugs.debian.org/

Step 2 : Add new user by using following command.

root@linuxhelp:~# adduser user
Adding user `user' ...
Adding new group `user' (1003) ...
Adding new user `user' (1003) with group `user (1003)' ...
Creating home directory `/home/user' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ...
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: password updated successfully
Changing the user information for user
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
        Full Name []:
        Room Number []:
        Work Phone []:
        Home Phone []:
        Other []:
Is the information correct? [Y/n]
Adding new user `user' to supplemental / extra groups `users' ...
Adding user `user' to group `users' ...

Step 3 : Add user to sudo group to make root privileges by using following command.

root@linuxhelp:~# usermod -aG sudo user

Step 4 : Switch over to user by using following command.

root@linuxhelp:~# su user

Step 5 : Update the system packages by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo apt-get update
[sudo] password for user:
Hit:1 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security InRelease
Hit:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm InRelease
Hit:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates InRelease
Hit:4 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm InRelease
Reading package lists... Done

Step 6 : Upgrade the system packages by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo apt-get upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libdbus-glib-1-2 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.26-1) ...
Processing triggers for hicolor-icon-theme (0.17-2) ...
Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.142+deb12u1) ...
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.1.0-12-amd64

Step 7 : Install Nginx by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo apt-get install nginx
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libdbus-glib-1-2 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
  nginx-common
Setting up nginx (1.22.1-9) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-2) ...

Step 8 : Install MySQL by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo apt install default-mysql-server -y
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
default-mysql-server is already the newest version (1.1.0).
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libdbus-glib-1-2 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

Step 9 : Login to MySQL by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo mysql
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 31
Server version: 10.11.6-MariaDB-0+deb12u1 Debian 12

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]>

Step 10 : Change root user password by using following command.

MariaDB [(none)]> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.013 sec)

Step 11 : Refresh the privileges by using following command.

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.008 sec)

Step 12 : Exit from MySQL console by using following command.

MariaDB [(none)]> exit
Bye

Step 13 : Update the system packages by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo apt-get update
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libdbus-glib-1-2 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages have been kept back:
  linux-image-amd64
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

Step 14 : Install required packages for ghost installation by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo apt-get install -y ca-certificates curl gnupg
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
ca-certificates is already the newest version (20230311).
curl is already the newest version (7.88.1-10+deb12u7).
gnupg is already the newest version (2.2.40-1.1).
gnupg set to manually installed.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libdbus-glib-1-2 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.

Step 15 : Create a directory for store gpg key by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo mkdir -p /etc/apt/keyrings

Step 16 : Download the gpg key by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ curl -fsSL https://deb.nodesource.com/gpgkey/nodesource-repo.gpg.key | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg

Step 17 : Store node version as value to the Variable by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ NODE_MAJOR=18

Step 18 : Make the source entry by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ echo "deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg] https://deb.nodesource.com/node_$NODE_MAJOR.x nodistro main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/nodesource.list
deb [signed-by=/etc/apt/keyrings/nodesource.gpg] https://deb.nodesource.com/node_18.x nodistro main

Step 19 : Update the system packages by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo apt-get update
Hit:1 https://download.docker.com/linux/debian bookworm InRelease
Hit:2 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm InRelease
Hit:3 http://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates InRelease
Get:4 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_18.x nodistro InRelease [12.1 kB]
Hit:5 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security InRelease
Get:6 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_18.x nodistro/main amd64 Packages [10.2 kB]
Fetched 22.3 kB in 1s (39.4 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done

Step 20 : Install nodejs by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo apt-get install nodejs -y
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
  libdbus-glib-1-2 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  nodejs
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 1 not upgraded.
Need to get 29.6 MB of archives.
After this operation, 187 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 https://deb.nodesource.com/node_18.x nodistro/main amd64 nodejs amd64 18.20.4-1nodesource1 [29.6 MB]
Fetched 29.6 MB in 1s (26.5 MB/s)
Selecting previously unselected package nodejs.
(Reading database ... 172121 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../nodejs_18.20.4-1nodesource1_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking nodejs (18.20.4-1nodesource1) ...
Setting up nodejs (18.20.4-1nodesource1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.11.2-2) ...

Step 21 : Install ghost CLI by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo npm install ghost-cli@latest -g
|
npm warn deprecated inflight@1.0.6: This module is not supported, and leaks memory. Do not use it. Check out lru-cache if you want a good and tested way to coalesce async requests by a key value, which is much more comprehensive and powerful.
npm warn deprecated glob@7.2.3: Glob versions prior to v9 are no longer supported

added 596 packages in 2m

152 packages are looking for funding
  run `npm fund` for details
npm notice
npm notice New minor version of npm available! 10.7.0 -> 10.9.0
npm notice Changelog: https://github.com/npm/cli/releases/tag/v10.9.0
npm notice To update run: npm install -g npm@10.9.0
npm notice

Step 22 : Create document root directory by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo mkdir -p /var/www/sitename

Step 23 : Change ownership for the document root directory by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo chown user:user /var/www/sitename

Step 24 : Change permission to the document root directory by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ sudo chmod 775 /var/www/sitename

Step 25 : Go to the document root directory by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/root$ cd /var/www/sitename

Step 26 : Install ghost by using following command.

user@linuxhelp:/var/www/sitename$ ghost install

Love open source? We’re hiring JavaScript Engineers to work on Ghost full-time.
https://careers.ghost.org
✔ Checking system Node.js version - found v18.20.4
✔ Checking current folder permissions
✔ Checking memory availability
✔ Checking free space
✔ Checking for latest Ghost version
✔ Setting up install directory
✔ Downloading and installing Ghost v5.96.1
✔ Finishing install process
? Enter your blog URL: http://localhost:2368
? Enter your MySQL hostname: 127.0.0.1
? Enter your MySQL username: root
? Enter your MySQL password: [hidden]
? Enter your Ghost database name: mysql
✔ Configuring Ghost
✔ Setting up instance
+ sudo useradd --system --user-group ghost
+ sudo chown -R ghost:ghost /var/www/sitename/content
✔ Setting up "ghost" system user
? Do you wish to set up "ghost" mysql user? Yes
✔ Setting up "ghost" mysql user
Nginx is not installed. Skipping Nginx setup.
ℹ Setting up Nginx [skipped]
Nginx setup task was skipped, skipping SSL setup
ℹ Setting up SSL [skipped]
? Do you wish to set up Systemd? Yes
+ sudo mv /tmp/localhost/ghost_localhost.service /lib/systemd/system/ghost_localhost.service
+ sudo systemctl daemon-reload
✔ Setting up Systemd
+ sudo systemctl is-active ghost_localhost
? Do you want to start Ghost? Yes
+ sudo systemctl start ghost_localhost
+ sudo systemctl is-enabled ghost_localhost
+ sudo systemctl enable ghost_localhost --quiet
✔ Starting Ghost

Ghost uses direct mail by default. To set up an alternative email method read our docs at https://ghost.org/docs/config/#mail

------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Ghost was installed successfully! To complete setup of your publication, visit:

    http://localhost:2368/ghost/

Step 27 : Copy URL with port number and open browser, After open browser paste and search the URL as shown in below image. snap 1

Step 28 : Create account by filling details as shown in below image. snap 2

Step 29 : The dashboard page will be shown as shown in below image. snap 3

Conclusion :

We have reached the end of this article. In this guide, we have walked you through the steps required to install Ghost CMS on Debian 12. Your feedback is much welcome.

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Frequently asked questions ( 5 )

Q

What is Ghost CMS?

A

- Ghost is an open-source content management system focused on simplicity and ease of use for blogging and publishing. It’s built on Node.js and offers a clean interface for creating and managing content.

Q

How does Ghost differ from WordPress?

A

- While both are content management systems, Ghost is designed primarily for publishing and blogging, with a minimalist approach. It has a more modern architecture and focuses on speed, simplicity, and a better writing experience, whereas WordPress is more feature-rich and customizable but can be more complex.

Q

Is Ghost CMS free to use?

A

Ghost is open-source and free to self-host, but there are also paid hosting options available through Ghost(Pro). The hosted version provides additional features, support, and maintenance.

Q

Can I use Ghost for e-commerce?

A

- Ghost is primarily a publishing platform, but it can be integrated with third-party tools for e-commerce functionalities. However, it may not be as robust for e-commerce as platforms specifically designed for that purpose.

Q

What themes and plugins are available for Ghost?

A

- Ghost offers a variety of themes that can be customized, and while it doesn’t have plugins in the same way WordPress does, it supports integrations with tools and services like Zapier, Stripe, and others to enhance functionality. The ecosystem is growing, and many developers are creating themes and integrations specifically for Ghost.

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