How to install and use Ansible on Ubuntu 22.04
To Install And Use Ansible On Ubuntu 22.04
Introduction:
Ansible offers open-source automation solutions that simplify processes and operate across diverse environments. By utilizing Ansible, organizations can automate a wide range of tasks effectively. Ansible employs straightforward, human-readable scripts referred to as playbooks for task automation. Additionally, Ansible adheres to key principles, including agent-less architecture, simplicity, scalability, flexibility, idempotence, and predictability.
Procedure:
Step1: Check the OS version using the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description: Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS
Release: 22.04
Codename: jammy
Step 2: Check for updates using the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# sudo apt update
Hit:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease [128 kB]
Get:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease [129 kB]
Get:4 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease [127 kB]
Get:5 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main i386 Packages [674 kB]
Get:6 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 Packages [1,902 kB]
Get:7 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main Translation-en [339 kB]
Get:8 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [17.8 kB]
Get:9 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 Packages [2,259 kB]
Get:10 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/main amd64 Packages [1,682 kB]
Get:11 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted Translation-en [388 kB]
Get:12 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/universe amd64 Packages [1,110 kB]
Get:24 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security/universe amd64 c-n-f Metadata [18.9 kB]
Fetched 14.6 MB in 5s (3,060 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Step 3: Upgrade the package list using the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# sudo apt upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libflashrom1 libftdi1-2 libllvm13 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages have been kept back:
python3-update-manager update-manager update-manager-core
The following packages will be upgraded:
libpython3.10 libpython3.10-minimal libpython3.10-stdlib libssl3 openssl python3.10 python3.10-minimal snapd
8 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
8 standard LTS security updates
Need to get 36.3 MB of archives.
After this operation, 28.7 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libpython3.10 amd64 3.10.12-1~22.04.5 [1,950 kB]
Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 libssl3 amd64 3.0.2-0ubuntu1.17 [1,905 kB]
Get:3 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/main amd64 python3.10 amd64 3.10.12-1~22.04.5 [509 kB]
snapd.failure.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it.
snapd.snap-repair.service is a disabled or a static unit not running, not starting it.
Failed to restart snapd.mounts-pre.target: Operation refused, unit snapd.mounts-pre.target may be requested by dependency only (it is configured to refus
e manual start/stop).
See system logs and 'systemctl status snapd.mounts-pre.target' for details.
Could not execute systemctl: at /usr/bin/deb-systemd-invoke line 142.
Setting up libpython3.10-minimal:amd64 (3.10.12-1~22.04.5) ...
Setting up openssl (3.0.2-0ubuntu1.17) ...
Processing triggers for dbus (1.12.20-2ubuntu4.1) ...
Processing triggers for mailcap (3.70+nmu1ubuntu1) ...
Processing triggers for desktop-file-utils (0.26-1ubuntu3) ...
Processing triggers for gnome-menus (3.36.0-1ubuntu3) ...
Step 4: Install software properties using the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# sudo apt-get install software-properties-common
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
software-properties-common is already the newest version (0.99.22.9).
software-properties-common set to manually installed.
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libflashrom1 libftdi1-2 libllvm13 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1
Step 5: To install ansible before that we need to add repository using the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# sudo apt-add-repository --yes -update ppa:ansible/ansible
Repository: 'deb https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu/ jammy-date main'
Description:
Ansible is a radically simple IT automation platform that makes your applications and systems easier to deploy. Avoid writing scripts or custom code to deploy and update your applications— automate in a language that approaches plain English, using SSH, with no agents to install on remote systems.
http://ansible.com/
If you face any issues while installing Ansible PPA, file an issue here:
https://github.com/ansible-community/ppa/issues
More info: https://launchpad.net/~ansible/+archive/ubuntu/ansible
Adding repository.
Adding deb entry to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ansible-ubuntu-ansible-jammy.list
Adding disabled deb-src entry to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ansible-ubuntu-ansible-jammy.list
Adding key to /etc/apt/trusted.gpg.d/ansible-ubuntu-ansible.gpg with fingerprint 6125E2A8C77F2818FB7BD15B93C4A3FD7BB9C367
Hit:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Hit:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Hit:4 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
Ign:5 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu jammy-date InRelease
Err:6 https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu jammy-date Release
404 Not Found [IP: 185.125.190.80 443]
Reading package lists... Done
E: The repository 'https://ppa.launchpadcontent.net/ansible/ansible/ubuntu jammy-date Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
Step 6: After adding repository, Install Ansible using the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# sudo apt-get install ansible
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libflashrom1 libftdi1-2 libllvm13 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
ieee-data python-babel-localedata python3-argcomplete python3-babel python3-distutils python3-jinja2 python3-jmespath python3-kerberos
python3-libcloud python3-netaddr python3-ntlm-auth python3-packaging python3-pycryptodome python3-requests-kerberos python3-requests-ntlm
python3-selinux python3-simplejson python3-winrm python3-xmltodict
Suggested packages:
cowsay sshpass python-jinja2-doc ipython3 python-netaddr-docs
The following NEW packages will be installed:
ansible ieee-data python-babel-localedata python3-argcomplete python3-babel python3-distutils python3-jinja2 python3-jmespath python3-kerberos
python3-libcloud python3-netaddr python3-ntlm-auth python3-packaging python3-pycryptodome python3-requests-kerberos python3-requests-ntlm
python3-selinux python3-simplejson python3-winrm python3-xmltodict
0 upgraded, 20 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Need to get 28.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 271 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 python-babel-localedata all 2.8.0+dfsg.1-7 [4,982 kB]
Get:2 http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 python3-babel all 2.8.0+dfsg.1-7 [85.1 kB]
Setting up python3-argcomplete (1.8.1-1.5) ...
Setting up python3-requests-ntlm (1.1.0-1.1) ...
Setting up python3-babel (2.8.0+dfsg.1-7) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/pybabel-python3 to provide /usr/bin/pybabel (pybabel) in auto mode
Setting up python3-libcloud (3.2.0-2) ...
Setting up python3-jinja2 (3.0.3-1ubuntu0.2) ...
Setting up python3-netaddr (0.8.0-2) ...
Setting up python3-winrm (0.3.0-2) ...
Setting up ansible (2.10.7+merged+base+2.10.8+dfsg-1) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Step 7: Check the Ansible version use the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# ansible --version
ansible 2.10.8
config file = None
configured module search path = ['/root/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/share/ansible/plugins/modules']
ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/ansible
executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
python version = 3.10.12 (main, Jul 29 2024, 16:56:48) [GCC 11.4.0]
Step 8: Ansible uses an inventory file to keep track of the servers it manages. Create a file named inventory dot ini using the below command and add the following content
root@linuxhelp:~# nano inventory.ini
[local]
192.168.6.138 ansible_connection=local
Step 9: Playbooks are YAML files that define a series of tasks to be executed. Create a file named playbook.yml using the below command.Add the following content to playbook.yml, which performs a basic task such as installing the vim text editor.
root@linuxhelp:~# nano playbook.yml
---
- name: Install Vim
hosts: local
become: yes
tasks:
- name: Install vim
apt:
name: vim
state: present
Step 10: To Check Syntax and Verify your playbook syntax before running it using the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# ansible-playbook --syntax-check playbook.yml
[WARNING]: No inventory was parsed, only implicit localhost is available
[WARNING]: provided hosts list is empty, only localhost is available. Note that the implicit localhost does not match 'all'
[WARNING]: Could not match supplied host pattern, ignoring: local
playbook: playbook.yml
Step 11: Execute the playbook using the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini playbook.yml
PLAY [Install Vim] **************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **********************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.6.133]
TASK [Install vim] **************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.6.133]
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.6.133 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
Step 12: To check Ansible is working or not , we can remove the vim package use the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# apt remove vim
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libflashrom1 libftdi1-2 libllvm13 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1 vim-runtime
Use 'apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following packages will be REMOVED:
vim
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
After this operation, 4,025 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
(Reading database ... 245702 files and directories currently installed.)
Removing vim (2:8.2.3995-1ubuntu2.17) ...
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.tiny to provide /usr/bin/vi (vi) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.tiny to provide /usr/bin/view (view) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.tiny to provide /usr/bin/ex (ex) in auto mode
update-alternatives: using /usr/bin/vim.tiny to provide /usr/bin/rview (rview) in auto mode
Step 13: Again to execute use the below same execute command:
root@linuxhelp:~# ansible-playbook -i inventory.ini playbook.yml
PLAY [Install Vim] **************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] **********************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [192.168.6.133]
TASK [Install vim] **************************************************************************************************************************************
changed: [192.168.6.133]
PLAY RECAP **********************************************************************************************************************************************
192.168.6.133 : ok=2 changed=1 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
Step 14: To check whether the vim package is installed or not use the below command
root@linuxhelp:~# sudo apt install vim
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
vim is already the newest version (2:8.2.3995-1ubuntu2.17).
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libflashrom1 libftdi1-2 libllvm13 libwpe-1.0-1 libwpebackend-fdo-1.0-1
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Conclusion :
We have reached the end of this article. In this guide, we have walked you through the steps required to install and use Ansible on Ubuntu 22.04.Your feedback is much welcome.
Q
What are Ansible modules?
A
Ansible modules are reusable pieces of code that perform specific functions, such as installing software or configuring a service. There are thousands of pre-built modules available in the Ansible community, and you can also create your custom modules.
Q
How do I write an Ansible playbook?
A
Writing an Ansible playbook involves defining the tasks you want to perform on each host, using a YAML format. You'll need to specify things like:
• The hosts that should receive the playbook
• The tasks to be executed on each host
• Any dependencies or prerequisites for the tasks
• The hosts that should receive the playbook
• The tasks to be executed on each host
• Any dependencies or prerequisites for the tasks
Q
What are Ansible playbooks?
A
Playbooks are YAML-formatted files that define the desired state of your infrastructure. They contain a list of tasks, which are executed in the order they appear in the playbook. Tasks can include installing software, configuring services, creating users, and more.
Q
What are the advantages of using Ansible?
A
Some key benefits of using Ansible include:
• Agentless architecture, which means no software needs to be installed on target nodes
• Easy to learn and use, even for those without extensive scripting experience
• Fast and efficient, with parallel execution capabilities
• Supports multiple platforms and protocols (e.g., Linux, Windows, Solaris, etc.)
• Extensive community support and thousands of pre-built modules
• Agentless architecture, which means no software needs to be installed on target nodes
• Easy to learn and use, even for those without extensive scripting experience
• Fast and efficient, with parallel execution capabilities
• Supports multiple platforms and protocols (e.g., Linux, Windows, Solaris, etc.)
• Extensive community support and thousands of pre-built modules
Q
How does Ansible work?
A
Ansible works by sending scripts (called playbooks) to remote hosts over SSH or other protocols. The playbooks define what actions need to be taken on each host, and Ansible executes those actions in the correct order. This allows you to easily manage multiple nodes from a central location.